Koi Herpesvirus

Also known as: Cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (CyHV-3)

Koi Herpesvirus (KHV) is a double-stranded DNA virus first identified in 1996 that primarily affects ornamental koi and common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Belonging to the family Alloherpesviridae, the virus is now distributed worldwide and causes significant losses in both ornamental and aquaculture settings. KHV is highly contagious, transmitted directly between fish without intermediate hosts, and can persist in the environment, especially in tanks or natural bodies of water. Infected fish often develop characteristic white lesions on the gills, as well as sunken eyes and notched noses. Mortality can begin within 15 days of exposure. Although no specific treatment exists, increasing water temperature during outbreaks may reduce mortality. The virus does not infect humans and is unrelated in effect despite being distantly related to the human Herpes Simplex Virus 1.

Distribution: Worldwide
Detection Methods: Cell culture (unspecified)
Hosts: Many species of cyprinid fishes
Target Tissue: Epithelial tissues of gill, eye, skin, etc.