Infectious Hypodermal and Hematopoietic Necrosis Virus

Also known as: Penaeus stylirostris densovirus 1 (PstDNV1)

Infectious Hypodermal and Hematopoietic Necrosis Virus (IHHNV) is a small DNA virus belonging to the family Parvoviridae that primarily affects penaeid shrimp species. The virus causes variable disease manifestations depending on the host species. In Penaeus stylirostris, it can cause acute infections with high mortality, while in Penaeus vannamei and Penaeus monodon, it typically results in chronic infections that lead to deformities such as bent rostrums and cuticular abnormalities, often referred to as Runt Deformity Syndrome (RDS). The virus is highly contagious and is transmitted both vertically and horizontally.

Distribution: Global in shrimp-farming regions
Detection Methods: PCR, in situ hybridization, histopathology
Hosts: Penaeid shrimp (Penaeus stylirostris, Penaeus vannamei, Penaeus monodon)
Target Tissue: Hypodermis, hematopoietic tissue